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Kenneth C. Montgomery · Armchair FedWatcher · Kaleb Nygaard
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Kenneth C. Montgomery
2011–2024
First Vice President
Meetings at the table
0
Meetings in the room
17
2012–2023
Geography
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Colorado
Georgia
Indiana
Kansas
Massachusetts
Minnesota
New Jersey
North Dakota
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania
South Dakota
Wyoming
Connecticut
Missouri
West Virginia
Illinois
New Mexico
Arkansas
Delaware
District of Columbia
Hawaii
Iowa
Montana
New Hampshire
Ohio
Oregon
Tennessee
Utah
Nebraska
South Carolina
Idaho
Nevada
Vermont
Rhode Island
District 3 · Philadelphia
1
1 · Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
2
2 · Federal Reserve Bank of New York
3
3 · Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
4
4 · Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
5
5 · Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond
6
6 · Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta
7
7 · Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
8
8 · Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
9
9 · Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
10
10 · Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
11
11 · Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
12
12 · Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
First Vice President at Boston (1) ·
where the Board comes from
In their time
Meetings by Chair
Bernanke
3
Yellen
3
Powell
11
Policy rate
0–0.25%
→
5.25–5.5%
+525 bp · Jan 2011 – Apr 2024
Recession · Feb 2020 – Apr 2020
In the room
First Vice President, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
11 meetings
Jan 24–25, 2012
–
Oct 31 – Nov 1, 2023
Alternate Member of the Committee
2 meetings
Nov 2–3, 2021
–
Dec 14–15, 2021
Interim President of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
3 meetings
Jan 25–26, 2022
–
May 3–4, 2022
Interim President, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
1 meeting
Jun 14–15, 2022
Seats held
First Vice President
Boston
2011–2024
Served alongside (495)
Chairs · 4
Ben S. Bernanke
2011–2014
Janet L. Yellen
2011–2018
Jerome H. Powell
2012–2024
Kevin M. Warsh
2011–2011
Governors · 14
Adriana D. Kugler
2023–2024
Christopher J. Waller
2020–2024
Daniel K. Tarullo
2011–2017
Elizabeth A. Duke
2011–2013
Jeremy C. Stein
Florida
Maine
North Carolina
Texas
California
Kentucky
Maryland
Michigan
Mississippi
New York
Virginia
Washington
Wisconsin
Louisiana
District 1 · Boston · First Vice President 2011–2024
District 2 · New York
District 4 · Cleveland
District 5 · Richmond
District 6 · Atlanta
District 7 · Chicago
District 8 · St. Louis
District 9 · Minneapolis
District 10 · Kansas City
District 11 · Dallas
District 12 · San Francisco
Rate moves
4 hikes · 1 cut
12 holds at their meetings
Dissents witnessed
8
at 6 of 17 meetings
Unanimous
65%
11 of 17 meetings
Recessions
1
2020
US presidents
3
Obama · Trump · Biden
2012–2014
Lael Brainard
2014–2023
Lisa D. Cook
2022–2024
Michael S. Barr
2022–2024
Michelle W. Bowman
2018–2024
Philip N. Jefferson
2022–2024
Randal K. Quarles
2017–2021
Richard H. Clarida
2018–2022
Sarah B. Raskin
2011–2014
Stanley Fischer
2014–2017
Reserve Bank presidents · 24
Lorie Logan
2022–2024
Austan D. Goolsbee
2023–2024
Charles I. Plosser
2011–2015
Charles L. Evans
2011–2023
Dennis P. Lockhart
2011–2017
Eric S. Rosengren
2011–2021
Esther L. George
2011–2023
James Bullard
2011–2023
Jeffrey M. Lacker
2011–2017
Jeffrey R. Schmid
2023–2024
John C. Williams
2011–2024
Loretta Mester
2014–2024
Mary C. Daly
2018–2024
Narayana Kocherlakota
2011–2015
Neel Kashkari
2016–2024
Patrick T. Harker
2012–2024
Raphael Bostic
2017–2024
Richard W. Fisher
2011–2015
Robert Steven Kaplan
2015–2021
Sandra Pianalto
2011–2014
Susan M. Collins
2016–2024
Thomas I. Barkin
2011–2024
Thomas M. Hoenig
2011–2011
William C. Dudley
2011–2018
Staff · 82
James A. Clouse
2012–2023
Matthew M. Luecke
2012–2023
Michael S. Gibson
2012–2021
Michelle A. Smith
2012–2023
William Wascher
2012–2023
Trevor A. Reeve
2020–2021
Linda Robertson
2012–2022
David Altig
2012–2022
Jane E. Ihrig
2014–2023
Beth Anne Wilson
2020–2021
David H. Small
2012–2022
Jon W. Faust
2012–2023
Michael T. Kiley
2013–2023
Penelope A. Beattie
2015–2023
Randall A. Williams
2012–2023
Stacey Tevlin
2019–2021
Andreas Lehnert
2013–2023
Joseph W. Gruber
2017–2023
Matthew J. Eichner
2016–2021
Joshua Gallin
2012–2023
Mark E. Van Der Weide
2017–2021
Rochelle M. Edge
2018–2023
Ann Misback
2017–2021
Antulio N. Bomfim
2017–2022
Kartik B. Athreya
2018–2023
Kurt F. Lewis
2012–2023
Shaghil Ahmed
2017–2023
Andre Anderson
2018–2024
Andreas W. Lenhert
2016–2021
Becky C. Bareford
2018–2024
Christine M. Cumming
2011–2014
D. Blake Prichard
2011–2015
David A. Sapenaro
2011–2019
David W. Wilcox
2011–2018
Donald V. Hammond
2012–2018
Ellen J. Bromagen
2015–2024
Eric S. Belsky
2014–2021
Gordon R. G. Werkema
2011–2014
Gregory Stefani
2011–2022
Heinrich T. Laubach
2015–2017
Helen E. Holcomb
2011–2016
Helen Mucciolo
2020–2021
J. Nellie Liang
2011–2015
James D. Narron
2016–2023
James M. Lyon
2011–2016
Jeanne R. Rentezelas
2023–2024
Jennifer J. Johnson
2011–2011
John F. Moore
2011–2013
Karen A. Pennell
2024–2024
Kathy O. Paese
2020–2024
Kelly J. Dubbert
2012–2024
Kim Robbins
2024–2024
Louise L. Roseman
2011–2015
Marie C. Gooding
2011–2017
Mark A. Gould
2014–2021
Mark Bialek
2011–2021
Mark L. Mullinix
2013–2016
Mark S. Meder
2022–2024
Maureen T. Hannan
2011–2011
Meredith N. Black
2017–2021
Michael Strine
2015–2019
Michell C. Clark
2012–2018
Naureen Hassan
2021–2022
Patrick J. McClanahan
2019–2020
Patrick M. Parkinson
2011–2011
Ricardo Aguilera
2018–2021
Richard A. Anderson
2011–2011
Robert deV. Frierson
2012–2016
Robert L. Triplett III
2021–2024
Ron Feldman
2017–2024
Sandra F. Braunstein
2011–2013
Sarah Devany
2021–2024
Sarah G. Green
2011–2012
Scott G. Alvarez
2011–2016
Sharon L. Mowry
2012–2021
Stephen R. Malphrus
2011–2011
Steven B. Kamin
2011–2019
Thomas Laubach
2018–2019
Vacancy
2011–2011
William B. English
2011–2014
William L. Mitchell
2012–2017
Winona Varnon
2019–2021
Reserve Bank directors · 371
Aaron L. Groff, Jr.
2011–2012
Abel L. Iglesias
2022–2023
Abram A. Tubbs
2014–2019
Adena Friedman
2019–2024
Alan L. Brill
2011–2013
Alex Williams
2023–2024
Alexander R. Mehran
2013–2018
Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.
2011–2012
Alice K. Houston
2017–2021
Alice P. Frazier
2023–2024
Allan James "Jimmy" Rasmussen
2013–2018
Alphonso O'Neil-White
2012–2013
Amy G. Brady
2020–2022
Ana G. Rodriguez
2021–2022
Angel Cabrera
2017–2019
Ann B. Stern
2013–2018
Ann D. Murtlow
2011–2012
Anne R. Pramaggiore
2014–2019
Anthony Ibarguen
2018–2024
Arthur F. Oppenheimer
2019–2024
Arvind Krishna
2022–2024
Barbara Humpton
2024–2024
Barbara Mowry
2012–2014
Barry M. Meyer
2015–2020
Beth E. Mooney
2016–2016
Betsy Lawer
2011–2013
Blake Willard Nordstrom
2011–2012
Brad E. Schwartz
2013–2015
Brenda K. Foster
2020–2024
Brent A. Stewart, Sr.
2016–2020
Bret S. Perkins
2022–2024
Brian McNeill
2014–2019
Bruce Van Saun
2019–2022
C. Daniel DeLawder
2011–2012
C. Mitchell Waycaster
2020–2024
C. Richard Miller, Jr.
2014–2016
Cal McCastlain
2011–2016
Calvin G. Butler, Jr.
2017–2017
Carmen Tapio
2024–2024
Carol B. Tome
2011–2013
Carol J. Johnson
2015–2018
Carolyn Chism Hardy
2020–2024
Cassandra R. Savage
2021–2021
Catherine A. Meloy
2016–2021
Catherine D'Amato
2011–2015
Catherine T. Kelly
2014–2019
Chandler Howard
2018–2021
Charles H. Brown
2015–2020
Charles P. Pizzi
2011–2011
Charles Phillips
2018–2019
Charles R. Patton
2014–2016
Charles V. Wait
2011–2011
Charlotte W. Martin
2011–2011
Chelsie Glaubitz Gabiou
2023–2024
Christina Hull Paxson
2016–2022
Christine Hamilton
2013–2018
Christopher C. Doyle
2015–2020
Christopher D. Maher
2020–2023
Christopher J. Murphy, III
2019–2024
Christopher M. Connor
2011–2016
Christopher M. Hilger
2020–2024
Cindy Ramos-Davidson
2022–2022
Claire Lewis Arnold
2019–2024
Claire W. Tucker
2019–2021
Clarence Otis, Jr.
2011–2015
Claude E. Davis
2013–2018
Claudia Aguirre
2019–2024
Clint E. Stein
2024–2024
Corey Thomas
2021–2024
Curtis V. Anastasio
2014–2019
Cynthia N. Day
2023–2024
Cynthia Taylor
2020–2024
D. Bryan Jordan
2014–2019
Dana S. Boole
2011–2011
Daniel J. Ludeman
2016–2018
Dann H. Bowman
2011–2011
Darrell McNair
2023–2024
David A. Lentini
2011–2011
David C. Habiger
2020–2024
David M. Cote
2014–2017
David Megenhardt
2017–2022
David P. White
2019–2024
David R. Emery
2018–2022
David R. Hunsicker
2013–2018
David W. Brownback
2011–2015
David W. Nelms
2015–2019
Dawne S. Hickton
2016–2020
Dean J. Miller
2018–2023
Deborah M. Fretz
2011–2012
Denise Scott
2016–2022
Doris Carson Williams
2018–2023
Douglas J. Stussi
2017–2022
Douglas L. Kennedy
2020–2024
Douglas W. Shorenstein
2011–2012
Dwight Eric Smith
2017–2022
E. Scott Santi
2016–2021
Eddie L. Steiner
2019–2024
Edmond Johnson
2019–2022
Edward J. Graham
2014–2017
Edward L. Willingham, IV
2012–2014
Elizabeth A. Smith
2016–2022
Elizabeth G. McCoy
2018–2023
Ellen Ochoa
2017–2017
Elton M. Hyder
2011–2013
Emily K. Rafferty
2011–2017
Eugene A. Woods
2019–2022
Frederick C. Peters II
2011–2014
Frederick H. Waddell
2011–2014
Gary C. Kelly
2024–2024
Gary L. Gottlieb
2012–2018
George F. Jones, Jr.
2011–2014
George Paz
2012–2015
George S. Barrett
2016–2018
Gerald B. Smith
2018–2023
Gerald H. Jacobson
2021–2024
Gerald H. Lipkin
2013–2019
Gerard R. Host
2013–2018
Glenn H. Hutchins
2011–2020
Greg Becker
2019–2022
Greg Brown
2013–2018
Greg L. Armstrong
2015–2021
Gregory A. Haile
2021–2024
Gregory A. Heckman
2024–2024
Gregory Hohl
2017–2022
Gregory M. Duckett
2011–2014
Halsey M. Cook
2023–2024
Harold Keller
2011–2016
Harry D. Melander
2016–2021
Heidi L. Gartland
2021–2024
Helene D. Gayle
2019–2022
Helga Houston
2023–2024
Henri A. Termeer
2011–2011
Herbert D. Kelleher
2011–2013
Holly B. Wiedemann
2023–2024
Howard A. Dahl
2011–2014
J. Russell Shannon
2014–2019
J. Thomas May
2011–2011
Jacqueline Gamblin
2022–2024
James Byron Bexley
2011–2011
James C. Farrell
2015–2020
James Dimon
2011–2012
James E. Nevels
2011–2015
James H. Nicholson
2024–2024
James H. Sills, III
2020–2024
James K. Hill
2024–2024
James M. McKelvey, Jr.
2017–2023
James M. Wells, III
2011–2011
James O. Etheredge
2023–2024
James P. Gorman
2016–2021
James S. Tisch
2011–2011
Jandel Allen-Davis
2024–2024
Jandel Allen-Davis, MD
2023–2024
Jay Debertin
2024–2024
Jeanne A. Hulit
2021–2024
Jeanne H. Crain
2019–2024
Jeffrey A. Joerres
2011–2015
Jennifer F. Scanlon
2022–2024
Jennifer LaClair
2021–2024
Jeremy Nowak
2011–2013
Jodie McLean
2020–2024
Joe Kim King
2011–2013
Joe Quiroga
2020–2024
John A. Ikard
2011–2012
John F. Fish
2011–2016
John Fry
2020–2024
John H. Buhrmaster
2024–2024
John N. Roberts III
2015–2020
John P. Surma
2013–2017
John T. Stout, Jr.
2011–2015
John W. Garratt
2022–2023
John W. Marvin
2011–2011
Jon Evans
2015–2020
Jonathan T.M. Reckford
2015–2020
Jorge A. Bermudez
2012–2017
Jorge Ramirez
2013–2019
Jose S. Suguet
2011–2016
Joseph L. Hooley
2014–2018
Juan Salgado
2022–2024
Julia H. Klein
2019–2024
Julie Causey
2011–2013
Karen Kimbrough
2024–2024
Karen Lee
2021–2023
Karla S. Chambers
2011–2011
Kathleen Elizabeth Walsh
2017–2020
Kathleen M. Mazzarella
2015–2019
Kathleen Neset
2015–2020
Kathryn G. Underwood
2011–2014
Kathryn S. Wylde
2011–2013
Kathy J. Warden
2015–2020
Keith S. Campbell
2011–2013
Kelly A. Barclay
2019–2024
Kelly S. King
2011–2011
Kendall J. Powell
2014–2019
Kenneth A. Palmer
2012–2014
Kenneth P. Wilcox
2011–2012
Kessel D. Stelling, Jr.
2019–2022
Kevin T. Kabat
2014–2015
Kimberly Sherman Stamler
2019–2024
Kirk A. Sykes
2011–2013
Kyle Heckman
2019–2024
Lakota Vogel
2023–2024
Lal Karsanbhai
2022–2024
Laura J. Sen
2014–2016
Laura Lee Stewart
2024–2024
Lauren A. Smith
2021–2024
Lawrence R. Simkins
2011–2016
Lee Carroll Bollinger
2011–2012
Len C. Rodman
2013–2016
Lilly Marks
2015–2020
Linda D. Rabbitt
2011–2014
Linda Jojo
2020–2024
Linda P. Hubbard
2023–2024
Lisa M. Hamilton
2021–2024
Lizanne Kindler
2020–2024
Lu M. Cordova
2011–2011
Madeline Bell
2018–2022
Marc Tessier-Lavigne
2014–2015
Mardie R. Herndon Jr.
2024–2024
Margaret E. McDermid
2011–2012
Margaret G. Lewis
2013–2019
Margaret H. Jordan
2011–2012
Maria Griego-Raby
2021–2023
Mario Cordero
2022–2024
Maritza Diaz
2024–2024
Mark A. Zaback
2016–2018
Mark C. Hewitt
2011–2013
Mark Gordon
2011–2011
Marshall O. Larsen
2012–2014
Mary A. Laschinger
2017–2021
Mary E. Kipp
2018–2019
Mary K. Brainerd
2011–2013
Matthew K. Rose
2015–2018
Maurice Smith
2023–2024
Max T. Wake
2011–2016
MayKao Y. Hang
2012–2017
Megan F. Clubb
2012–2017
Michael E. Longo
2024–2024
Michael E. Tucker
2015–2020
Michael F. Camardo
2011–2011
Michael J. Angelakis
2012–2017
Michael J. Jackson
2014–2018
Michael J. O'Meara
2011–2011
Michael O'Grady
2020–2024
Michael Russell
2019–2024
Michael Ugwueke
2022–2024
Misty Borrowman
2022–2024
Myron A. Gray
2015–2021
Myron E. Ullman, III
2011–2014
Nazzic Keene
2022–2022
Nelda J. Connors
2011–2017
New York
2020–2020
Nicole B. Thomas
2022–2024
Nicole C. Taylor
2011–2016
Niraj Shah
2017–2019
O.B. Grayson Hall, Jr.
2017–2018
Pascal Desroches
2024–2024
Pat Wang
2023–2024
Patricia E. Yarrington
2011–2014
Patricia Hasson
2016–2021
Patricia J. Minard
2018–2023
Patricia L. Clarke
2016–2021
Patrick A. Dujakovich
2020–2024
Patrick C. Graney, III
2011–2013
Paul D. Williams
2021–2024
Paul DeBruce
2011–2012
Paul G. Greig
2011–2013
Paul J. Thompson
2014–2017
Paul Maass
2023–2024
Paul P. Mello
2012–2020
Penelope Pennington
2020–2024
Pete Cook
2011–2012
Peter L. Judkins
2012–2017
Peter S. Ho
2013–2018
Philip L. Clay
2016–2018
Phillip L. Clay
2019–2020
Phoebe A. Haddon
2016–2020
R. Andrew Clyde
2021–2024
R. Scott Smith
2011–2013
Rajinder P. Singh
2023–2024
Rajiv J. Shah
2024–2024
Rakesh Sachdev
2014–2015
Ramin Cherafat
2023–2024
Ramona Hood
2024–2024
Randall E. Black
2021–2024
Randall J. Hogan
2011–2015
Randy L. Newman
2013–2018
Renard U. Johnson
2019–2023
René F. Jones
2022–2024
Renee Lewis Glover
2011–2014
Renu Khator
2011–2016
Richard E. Holbrook
2011–2013
Richard Galanti
2012–2017
Richard H. Anderson
2011–2011
Richard J. Kramer
2024–2024
Richard J. Morgan
2011–2012
Richard K. Ratcliffe
2011–2014
Richard K. Smucker
2011–2015
Richard L. Carrion
2011–2015
Richard L. Westra
2011–2012
Richard M. Sanborn
2020–2020
Robert A. Hulsey
2021–2024
Robert G. Jones
2011–2013
Robert M. Blue
2021–2024
Robert R. Hill
2015–2020
Robert W. Dumas
2017–2022
Roger S. Berkowitz
2012–2018
Roger W. Crandall
2019–2024
Ronald P. O'Hanley
2023–2024
Rosa M. Gil
2018–2023
Rose M. Washington
2013–2019
Rosemary Turner
2013–2021
Roy A. Vallee
2013–2016
Ruben Alonso III
2021–2024
Rudy E. Schupp
2011–2012
Russell A. Childs
2024–2024
Russell C. Lindner
2011–2016
S. Randolph Compton
2018–2023
Sanford L. Michelman
2017–2022
Sara Horowitz
2013–2018
Sarah Walsh
2019–2024
Scott Rechler
2021–2024
Scott Werry
2024–2024
Sharmain Matlock-Turner
2021–2024
Sharon D. Fiehler
2011–2014
Simone Lagomarsino
2022–2023
Sonja Yates Hubbard
2011–2015
Srilata Zaheer
2017–2023
Stephen D. Steinour
2017–2019
Stephen J. Goodenow
2011–2012
Steve Maestas
2013–2018
Steven E. Bochner
2013–2018
Steven H. Lipstein
2011–2011
Steven R. Gardner
2014–2019
Susan Chapman Plumb
2024–2024
Susan K. Still
2016–2019
Susan S. Stephenson
2012–2017
Susan Tomasky
2011–2015
Susan Whitson
2020–2024
Sushil K. Tuli
2022–2024
Suzanne Sitherwood
2016–2021
T. Anthony Humphries
2011–2016
Tamara L. Lundgren
2018–2023
Terry J. Lundgren
2011–2017
Terry L. Moore
2011–2012
Terry Mazany
2011–2015
Thomas A. Fanning
2012–2018
Thomas C. Nelson
2015–2020
Thomas J. Falk
2019–2024
Thomas J. Murphy
2021–2022
Thomas W. Armstrong
2015–2020
Tilmon F. Brown
2011–2014
Timothy Snyder
2019–2024
Todd A. Mason
2012–2017
Valarie L. Sheppard
2019–2021
Vincent Alvarez
2019–2024
Ward M. Klein
2011–2013
Wayne A. I. Frederick
2020–2020
Wayne A. I. Frederick, MD
2020–2023
Wilbur E. Johnson
2011–2015
William A. Loving, Jr.
2017–2022
William C. Foote
2011–2012
William D. Jones
2011–2012
William D. Nordhaus
2011–2015
William E. Chappell
2011–2015
William H. Rogers, Jr.
2012–2016
William J. Shorma
2011–2012
William Lo
2023–2024
William M. Farrow, III
2013–2018
William S. Aichele
2014–2019
William Y. Carroll, Jr.
2024–2024
Wright L. Lassiter, III
2018–2021