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Robert P. Forrestal · Armchair FedWatcher · Kaleb Nygaard

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Federal Reserve History

Robert P. Forrestal

1979–1995

First Vice PresidentReserve Bank PresidentFederal Reserve History

Born

1931

Meetings at the table

134

134/143 (9 absent)

Meetings in the room

15

1979–1983

Geography

First Vice President at Atlanta (6) · president at Atlanta (6) · where the Board comes from

In their time

Meetings by Chair

Policy rate

10% → 5.5%

−450 bp · Oct 1982 – Dec 1995 (the series starts in Oct 1982)

In the room

First Vice President, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta14 meetingsJul 17, 1979 – Nov 14–15, 1983
Atlanta, First Vice President, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta1 meetingMay 6, 1980

Seats held

First Vice PresidentAtlanta1979–1982
Reserve Bank PresidentAtlanta1983–1995
Dec 7, 1983 – Dec 31, 1995

Before the Fed

Lawyer · (unknown)

Education

Bachelor's — St. John's University
JD, Law — Georgetown University

Terminal: JD · law

Served alongside (581)

Chairs · 4

Alan Greenspan1987–1995
G. William Miller1979–1979
Janet L. Yellen1994–1995
Paul A. Volcker1979–1987

Governors · 19

Donald L. Kohn1986–1995
Alan S. Blinder1994–1995
David W. Mullins, Jr.1990–1994
Edward W. Kelley Jr.1987–1995
Emmett J. Rice

Rate moves

25 hikes · 28 cuts

70 holds at their meetings

Dissents witnessed

100

at 61 of 117 meetings

Unanimous

48%

56 of 117 meetings

Recessions

3

1980 · 1981–82 · 1990–91

US presidents

4

Carter · Reagan · G.H.W. Bush · Clinton

1979–1986

Frederick H. Schultz1979–1982

H. Robert Heller1986–1989

Henry C. Wallich1979–1986

J. Charles Partee1979–1986

John P. Laware1988–1995

Lawrence B. Lindsey1991–1995

Lyle E. Gramley1980–1985

Manuel H. Johnson1986–1990

Martha R. Seger1984–1991

Nancy H. Teeters1979–1984

Philip E. Coldwell1979–1980

Preston Martin1982–1986

Susan M. Phillips1991–1995

Wayne D. Angell1979–1994

Reserve Bank presidents · 33

Anthony M. Solomon1980–1984
Cathy E. Minehan1991–1995
David P. Eastburn1979–1981
E. Gerald Corrigan1980–1993
Edward G. Boehne1981–1995
Ernest T. Baughman1979–1980
Frank E. Morris1979–1988
Gary H. Stern1985–1995
J. Alfred Broaddus Jr.1993–1995
J. Roger Guffey1979–1991
Jack Guynn1984–1995
Jerry L Jordan1992–1995
John J. Balles1979–1986
Karen N. Horn1982–1987
Lawrence K. Roos1979–1982
Mark H. Willes1979–1980
Michael H. Moskow1994–1995
Monroe Kimbrel1979–1980
Richard F. Syron1989–1994
Robert D. Mcteer Jr.1991–1995
Robert H. Boykin1979–1991
Robert P. Black1979–1992
Robert P. Mayo1979–1981
Robert T. Parry1986–1995
Sandra Pianalto1993–1995
Silas Keehn1981–1994
Theodore H. Roberts1983–1984
Thomas C. Melzer1985–1995
Thomas M. Hoenig1991–1995
W. Lee Hoskins1987–1991
William F. Ford1980–1982
William J. Mcdonough1993–1995
Willis J. Winn1979–1982

Staff · 57

Edwin M. Truman1979–1995
Michael J. Prell1987–1995
J. Virgil Mattingly, Jr.1989–1995
Michael Bradfield1981–1988
James L. Kichline1979–1986
Stephen H. Axilrod1979–1985
James H. Oltman1988–1994
Ernest T. Patrikis1995–1995
William W. Wiles1981–1995
Ann-Marie Meulendyke1985–1995
William H. Hendricks1982–1992
Thomas E. Gainor1979–1992
Robert W. Eisenmenger1984–1990
Allen E. Beutel1985–1990
Brent L. Bowen1987–1995
Bruce M. Beardsley1985–1990
Carl E. Powell1986–1990
Charles L. Hampton1979–1984
Clyde H. Farnsworth, Jr.1982–1995
Colleen K. Strand1993–1995
Daniel M. Doyle1979–1991
David L. Shannon1979–1995
Donal E. Anderson1979–1983
Donald W. Moriarty, Jr.1979–1982
George C. Rankin1979–1979
Griffith L. Garwood1982–1995
Henry R. Czerwinski1979–1993
James A. McIntosh1979–1983
James R. Bowen1987–1995
James R. Kudlinski1979–1981
Janet O. Hart1979–1981
Jimmie R. Monhollon1980–1994
John B. Williams1979–1982
John E. Ryan1979–1984
John M. Denkler1979–1982
Joseph P. Garbarini1983–1986
Neal L. Petersen1979–1980
Patrick K. Barron1991–1995
Paul M. Connolly1994–1995
Richard K. Rasdall, Jr.1994–1995
Richard L. Smoot1979–1986
Richard Spillenkothen1991–1995
Richard T. Griffith1983–1985
Robert E. Frazier1984–1995
S. David Frost1983–1995
Stephen R. Malphrus1991–1995
Theodore E. Allison1979–1990
Thomas M. Timlen, Jr.1979–1987
Tony J. Salvaggio1991–1995
Walter A. Varvel1995–1995
Walter H. MacDonald1979–1981
William C. Conrad1992–1995
William H. Stone, Jr.1987–1995
William H. Wallace1979–1990
William R. Jones1985–1985
William Taylor1985–1990
Williiam R. Jones1986–1990

Reserve Bank directors · 468

John B. Davis, Jr.1982–1987
John R. Miller1986–1992
A. Charlene Sullivan1991–1995
A. Drue Jennings1995–1995
A. Pierce Stone1990–1992
A. Robert Abboud1979–1979
A. William Reynolds1991–1995
Alan C. Furth1980–1986
Alan R. Sleeper1979–1981
Alberto M. Paracchini1987–1989
Alfred Brittain III1983–1985
Alfred C. Leist1991–1995
Andre M. Rubenstein1991–1995
Andrew L. Clark1979–1979
Anne Marie Whittemore1989–1993
Armand C. Stalnaker1979–1982
Arnold C. Schultz1993–1995
Arnold Robert Weber1979–1979
Arthur J. Decio1979–1980
B.F. "Chip" Backlund1987–1992
Barbara Harding1991–1993
Barry F. Sullivan1985–1990
Bernard Francis Sliger1983–1988
Bobby R. Inman1984–1990
Boris Yavitz1979–1982
Bradley Currey, Jr.1984–1989
Bruce C. Adams1988–1992
Burton A. Dole, Jr.1989–1994
Burton P. Allen, Jr.1984–1986
Carl E. Singley1984–1989
Carl J. Schmitt1993–1995
Carl L. Campbell1993–1995
Carol R. Goldberg1979–1982
Caroline Leonetti Ahmanson1980–1984
Carolyn S. Chambers1985–1991
Cece Smith1992–1995
Charles C. Gates1980–1984
Charles Dickie Williamson1989–1989
Charles E. Weller1993–1995
Charles F. Seymour1985–1990
Charles I. Moyer1992–1994
Charles L. Seaman1991–1993
Charles M. Bliss1983–1984
Charles S. McNeer1986–1991
Charles T. Doyle1986–1991
Charles W. Ekstrum1987–1989
Charles W. Nichols1994–1995
Charles W. Parry1987–1990
Charles Y. Lazarus1979–1979
Chester A. Duke1987–1989
Clair L. Peck, Jr.1979–1982
Clarence C. Barksdale1981–1986
Clarence D. McCormick1986–1988
Clarence D. Mortenson1994–1995
Claude R. Hill, Jr.1989–1991
Claudine B. Malone1994–1995
Clifton Reginald Wharton, Jr.1983–1986
Colleen D. Hernandez1994–1995
Constantinos I. Costalas1988–1990
Cordell W. Hull1988–1990
Cornell C. Maier1979–1981
Curtis W. Kuehn1983–1985
Cynthia A. Parker1993–1995
Cyrus R. Vance1989–1992
D. Paul Jones, Jr.1994–1995
Dale W. Fern1982–1984
Dan B. Andrews1980–1985
Daniel E. Sweat, Jr.1994–1995
Daniel M. Galbreath1986–1988
David A. Hamburg1994–1994
David A. Koch1994–1995
David A. Page1992–1994
David S. Dahlmann1995–1995
David W. Fox1991–1995
David W. Huggins1990–1995
David W. Kemper II1987–1989
Delbert W. Johnson1988–1993
Dennis W. DiLazzero1995–1995
Dennis W. Hunt1979–1984
Dennis W. Johnson1993–1995
Don E. Adams1991–1993
Donald D. Hoffman1985–1987
Donald J. Gehb1985–1987
Donald J. Kennedy1991–1995
Donald J. Schneider1993–1995
Donald J. Seebold1979–1982
Donald L. Hunt1980–1985
Donald N. Brandin1979–1980
Donald P. Helgeson1979–1980
Doris M Drury1980–1984
Dorothy Wright Nelson1979–1979
Douglas E. Johnson1982–1984
Douglas E. Olesen1989–1994
Douglas M. Lester1993–1995
Duane Calvin Acker1982–1985
Duane E. Dingmann1989–1994
Duane L. Burnham1992–1994
Duane W. Ring1986–1988
E. Kay Stepp1991–1995
E. Mandell de Windt1981–1986
E.B. Robinson, Jr.1985–1990
Earl R. St. John, Jr.1988–1993
Eberhard Faber, IV1980–1985
Edward B. Brandon1993–1995
Edward D. Powers1985–1990
Edward Dugger, III1995–1995
Edward F. Brabec1979–1984
Edward H. Covell1986–1991
Edward H. Ladd1989–1994
Edward L. Hennessy, Jr.1980–1984
Edwin A. Huston1988–1993
Ellen Victoria Futter1988–1993
Ellmore C. Patterson1979–1979
Eugene M. Phillips1992–1995
Eugene R. McGrath1995–1995
Everett L. Maffett1979–1981
Floyd D. Gottwald, Jr.1985–1987
Floyd W. Lewis1979–1981
Frank A. Jones, Jr.1981–1986
Frank A. McPherson1990–1992
Frank B. Robards, Jr.1979–1979
Frank J. Yaklich, Jr.1989–1994
Frank Junell1979–1980
Frank M. Mitchener, Jr.1987–1992
Frank Wobst1987–1992
Fred A. White1979–1981
Fred Adams, Jr.1979–1981
Fred W. Andrew1982–1987
Frederic H. Phillips1979–1980
Frederick G. Larkin, Jr.1979–1982
Frederick W. Lyons, Jr.1985–1991
G. Watts Humphrey, Jr.1993–1995
Gary E. Burl1989–1989
Gary E. Wood1987–1992
Gary F. Simmerman1991–1993
Gary G. Michael1994–1995
Gary J. Chouest1988–1990
Gayle Maltby Earls1994–1995
Gene D. Adams1979–1979
Gene Edwards1985–1987
George A. Butler1987–1989
George Dean Johnson, Jr.1984–1985
George E. Bartol, III1982–1987
George H. Weyerhauser1982–1987
George M. Ryrie1979–1984
George Nicholas Hatsopoulos1982–1989
Gerald A. Rauenhorst1990–1995
Gerald D. Hines1979–1983
Gerry Boyd Cameron1995–1995
Gertrude G. Michelson1979–1984
Gordon T. Wallis1980–1982
Gunnar E. Sarsten1989–1989
Guy W. Botts1979–1984
H. Alan Timm1980–1982
H. Bernard Lynch1990–1994
H. Edwin Trusheim1987–1992
Hanne Merriman1985–1990
Harold B. Blach, Jr.1981–1986
Harold F. Zigmund1981–1986
Harold L. Gerhart, Jr.1986–1992
Harold W. Andersen1979–1979
Harry A. Jensen1980–1983
Harry R. Mitiguy1986–1986
Hays T. Watkins1979–1980
Henry G. Cisneros1991–1991
Henry G. River, Jr.1989–1994
Henry J. Faison1990–1995
Henry N. Ness1980–1982
Henry S. Woodbridge, Jr.1981–1983
Herbert L. Washington1993–1995
Herman Cain1992–1995
Homer B. Ellis, Jr.1985–1987
Horatio C. Thompson1982–1987
Howard K. Loomis1979–1985
Hugh G. Robinson1985–1991
Hugh L. Hembree III1985–1990
Hugh M. Brown1992–1995
Hugh M. Willson1979–1983
I.N. Rendall Harper, Jr.1993–1995
Ira Stepanian1993–1994
Irvine O. Hockaday, Jr.1984–1988
Irving A. Mathews1979–1980
J. Banks Scarborough1981–1983
J. Carter Bacot1995–1995
J. David Barnes1981–1986
J. Kirby Fowler1988–1990
J. Richard Jones1993–1995
J. Thomas Holton1990–1995
J. Wayland Bennett1979–1984
J. William Johnson1994–1995
J.B. Cooper, Jr.1991–1995
J.L. Jackson1979–1983
J.R. Vaughan1979–1983
Jack C. Smith1988–1990
James A. Chapman, Jr.1980–1982
James A. Hagen1992–1994
James A. Martin1993–1995
James Arthur Vohs1990–1995
James B. Williams1991–1995
James G. Harlow, Jr.1979–1983
James G. Lindley1991–1993
James H. Hearon, III1989–1991
James H. Smaby1979–1980
James M. Mead1991–1995
James Stokes Hatch1982–1984
James Whelden1979–1981
Jane C. Cousins1982–1987
Jane C. Walsh1995–1995
Jane G. Pepper1988–1993
Janet McAfee Weakley1988–1993
Jay J. DeLay1979–1979
Jean A. Crockett1979–1982
Jean D. Kinsey1991–1995
Jean McArthur Davis1979–1982
Jeff Austin, Jr.1993–1993
Jerome H. Grossman1990–1995
Jerry B. Melby1994–1995
Jerry D. Geist1986–1988
Jesse M. Shaver1982–1987
Jo Marie Dancik1995–1995
Joan Carter1994–1995
Joan T. Bok1990–1995
JoAnne Brinzey1983–1985
Joe F. Kirby1980–1982
Joel B. Alvord1988–1989
Joel S. Harris1988–1990
John A. Gelbach1979–1980
John A. Georges1987–1992
John A. McKinney1979–1979
John A. Rollwagen1986–1989
John C. Hampton1984–1989
John C. Whitehead1995–1995
John D. Anderson1981–1983
John D. Woods1979–1984
John E. Flynn1991–1995
John F. Anderson1981–1984
John F. McDonnell1993–1995
John F. McGillicuddy1988–1991
John F. McNair, III1988–1990
John F. Spies1979–1980
John F. Welch, Jr.1985–1990
John H. Walther1984–1986
John H. Weitnauer, Jr.1980–1986
John Hunter, Jr.1979–1979
John N. Nordstrom1988–1993
John P. Gilliam1980–1985
John R. Biechler1979–1980
John R. Hall1984–1986
John R. Hodges1991–1993
John R. Opel1981–1988
John Sagan1979–1983
John T. Oliver, Jr.1979–1979
John V. James1981–1984
John W. Alford1979–1982
John W. Eckman1979–1981
John W. Gabbert1986–1991
John W. Kessler1980–1985
Joseph A. Baute1981–1987
Joseph A. Jennings1982–1984
Joseph F. Alibrandi1979–1979
Joseph H. Williams1979–1980
Judith Manville Runstad1992–1995
K. Donald Menefee1986–1988
Kathryn A. Ogren1995–1995
Keith D. Bjerke1987–1987
Kenneth I. Guscott1979–1979
Kirk A. McLaughlin1995–1995
Krestine M. Corbin1995–1995
L. Kent Gilbreath1979–1986
L. Newton Thomas, Jr.1992–1995
Laban P. Jackson, Jr.1987–1992
Larry L. Prince1987–1991
Lawrence W. Menefee1994–1995
Leo Benatar1990–1995
Leo E. Linbeck, Jr.1987–1993
Leon A. Dunn, Jr.1981–1983
Leon T. Kendall1981–1986
Leroy T. Canoles, Jr.1984–1989
Lester H. McKeever, Jr.1995–1995
Lewis Honyman Bond1979–1984
Lewis R. Smoot, Sr.1984–1985
Lewis T. Preston1986–1987
Maceo A. Sloan1979–1981
Malcolm T. Stamper1979–1981
Marcus Alexis1985–1990
Margaret S. Wilson1979–1982
Maria Camila Leiva1995–1995
Marshall N. Carter1995–1995
Mary Garst1979–1985
Mary P. Holt1980–1986
Mary W. Walker1984–1989
Matina Souretis Horner1983–1988
Maurice F. Granville1979–1979
Maurice R. Greenberg1988–1995
Max J. Naylor1986–1991
Michael A. Alexander1995–1995
Michael Joseph Harrington1981–1986
Michael W. Wright1985–1990
Michele Tolela Myers1995–1995
Miles D. Wilson1981–1986
Milton Carroll1993–1995
Nels E. Turnquist1979–1979
Nevius M. Curtis1983–1988
Nicholas Riso1986–1991
Norman F.C. Kent1991–1991
Ole R. Mettler1979–1983
Ollie Jay Tomson1981–1986
Patrick E. McNarny1980–1985
Paul A. DelaCourt1991–1995
Paul E. Reichardt1979–1982
Paul G. Miller1979–1984
Paul H. Henson1979–1983
Paul J. Schierl1987–1992
Paul K. Reynolds1986–1987
Paul W. Green1987–1989
Peter A. Benoliel1987–1992
Peter D. Kiernan1981–1983
Peyton Yates1990–1995
Philip L. McLaughlin1995–1995
R. Blair Hawkes1988–1990
Ralph C. Bain1979–1980
Ralph Z. Sorenson1986–1987
Rand V. Araskog1991–1993
Ray U. Tanner1991–1993
Rayburn S. Dezember1984–1989
Raymond C. Burroughs1979–1979
Raymond D. Campbell1982–1987
Raymond W. Bauer1979–1980
Richard D. Hannan1982–1987
Richard D. Harrison1984–1989
Richard D. Hill1979–1980
Richard D. Wardell1988–1990
Richard E. Bell1993–1995
Richard G. Cline1990–1995
Richard L. Falconer1983–1988
Richard L. Gelb1986–1991
Richard L. Mount1991–1995
Richard L. Taylor1988–1990
Richard M. Oster1985–1989
Richard Newell Cooper1987–1992
Richard P. Hauser1979–1984
Robert A. Georgine1983–1988
Robert A. Rough1982–1984
Robert A. Young1979–1983
Robert D. Burris1995–1995
Robert D. Kilpatrick1979–1981
Robert D. Rogers1980–1986
Robert D. Storey1987–1990
Robert E. Allen1992–1994
Robert E. Atkinson, Jr.1990–1995
Robert E. Kirby1979–1980
Robert F. Baronner1985–1987
Robert F. Erburu1987–1992
Robert G. Greer1987–1992
Robert G. Lueder1985–1987
Robert G. Wilmers1993–1995
Robert H. Deacon1979–1981
Robert H. Knight1979–1982
Robert H. Quenon1990–1995
Robert Henry Strotz1979–1979
Robert J. Day1984–1989
Robert J. Sweeney1983–1988
Robert L. Hollis1986–1991
Robert L. Newell1987–1987
Robert L. Pfluger1985–1990
Robert L. Virgil, Jr.1983–1989
Robert M Freeman1994–1995
Robert M. Healey1991–1995
Robert M. Landis1981–1986
Robert M. Silva1992–1994
Robert M. Solow1979–1980
Robert Paul Henderson1979–1984
Robert S. Chiles, Sr.1984–1986
Robert S. Hillas1981–1983
Robert Ted Enloe, III1983–1988
Robert W. Moyer1985–1987
Robert Y. Farrington1994–1995
Rodney W. Fouberg1990–1992
Roger E. Anderson1980–1982
Roger L. Reisher1988–1993
Roger R. Hemminghaus1994–1995
Roger W. Schipke1988–1990
Ronald H. Smith1985–1987
Russell G. Cleary1979–1981
S. Dean Evans, Sr.1987–1990
S. John Brademas1983–1987
Samuel A. McCullough1990–1992
Samuel P. Baird1995–1995
Sandra B. Sanderson-Chesnut1992–1995
Sandra Feldman1994–1995
Saundra H. Gray1989–1991
Simpson Russell1992–1993
Sister Generose Gervais1979–1985
Spencer F. Eccles1983–1988
Stanton R. Cook1980–1985
Stefan S. Anderson1992–1995
Stephen Brobeck1991–1995
Stephen F. Keating1979–1981
Stephen L. Brown1994–1995
Stephen R. Levy1988–1993
Steven Muller1979–1983
Stewart Orton1979–1979
Susanne V. Boxer1993–1995
T. Joseph Semrod1984–1986
Terrence Murray1990–1992
Terry K. Dunkle1994–1995
Thomas A. Jordan1979–1980
Thomas B. Cookerly1984–1989
Thomas C. Dorr1992–1995
Thomas Claiborne Frost1988–1993
Thomas E. Rodriguez1988–1993
Thomas F. McLarty III1989–1991
Thomas G. Labrecque1992–1994
Thomas Irving Atkins1980–1985
Thomas K. Smith Jr.1979–1981
Thomas M. Nies1994–1995
Thomas M. Strong1985–1987
Togo W. Tanaka1983–1988
Ulysses V. Goodwyn1979–1980
Veo Peoples, Jr.1994–1995
Vern A. Marquardt1981–1983
Verna K. Gibson1988–1993
Victor J. Riley, Jr.1990–1992
Victoria B. Jackson1992–1994
Vincent C. Burke, Jr.1979–1981
Virgil H. Moore1986–1991
Virginia A. Dwyer1985–1987
Virginia M. Bailey1979–1979
W.D. Glover1994–1995
W.E. Ayres1990–1992
W.H. Swain1990–1995
W.L. Hadley Griffin1982–1987
Walter J. Robb1979–1981
Warren B. Jones1979–1979
Warren Bruce Rudman1993–1994
Warren K.K. Luke1990–1992
Warren R. Lee1991–1995
Wayne W. Allen1993–1995
Webb C. Hayes, IV1992–1994
Werner C. Brown1979–1980
Weston P. Figgins1979–1980
Willard H. Derrick1983–1985
William A. Fickling, Jr.1979–1983
William A. Stroud1983–1988
William B. Walton1979–1981
William C. Brainard1995–1995
William C. Bullock, Jr.1987–1988
William C. Steere, Jr.1993–1995
William E.B. Siart1989–1994
William G. Phillips1979–1984
William H. Chadwick1989–1991
William H. Knoell1981–1986
William H. May1988–1990
William H. Stroube1979–1981
William L. Mathers1982–1987
William L. McQuillan1993–1995
William L. Tooley1989–1994
William M. Dickson1980–1982
William S. Cook1980–1985
William S. Edgerly1984–1986
William S. Lee, III1982–1984
William S. Masland1979–1979
William S. Pickerign1995–1995
William Scott Sneath1979–1980
William T. McConnell1989–1994
William W. Strausburg1992–1994
William Wardwell Treat1983–1985
Zane G. Murfitt1980–1981

Lineage

AtlantaFord1980–1983→1983–1995 · 2.2 months vacant before→Guynn1996–2006

Who held each seat