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James J. Norton · Armchair FedWatcher · Kaleb Nygaard

← Upcoming meeting

James J. Norton

1998–2003

Director (Class C)Director (Deputy Chair)Director (Chair)

Born

1930

Meetings at the table

0

Geography

Class C director at Boston (1) · director and deputy chair at Boston (1) · director and chair at Boston (1) · where the Board comes from

In their time

Policy rate

5.5% → 1%

−450 bp · Jan 1998 – Dec 2003

Recessions

1

2001

US presidents

2

Clinton · G.W. Bush

Seats held

Director (Class C)Boston1998–2001
Director (Deputy Chair)Boston2002–2002
Director (Chair)Boston2003–2003

Served alongside (273)

Chairs · 2

Alan Greenspan1998–2003
Ben S. Bernanke2002–2003

Governors · 10

Alice M. Rivlin1998–1999
Donald L. Kohn1998–2003
Edward M. Gramlich1998–2003
Edward W. Kelley Jr.1998–2001
Elizabeth A. Duke1998–2000
Laurence H. Meyer1998–2002
Mark W. Olson

2001–2003

Roger W. Ferguson Jr.1998–2003

Susan M. Phillips1998–1998

Susan S. Bies2001–2003

Reserve Bank presidents · 16

Anthony M. Santomero2000–2003
Cathy E. Minehan1998–2003
Edward G. Boehne1998–2000
Gary H. Stern1998–2003
J. Alfred Broaddus Jr.1998–2003
Jack Guynn1998–2003
Jerry L Jordan1998–2003
Michael H. Moskow1998–2003
Robert D. Mcteer Jr.1998–2003
Robert T. Parry1998–2003
Sandra Pianalto1998–2003
Thomas C. Melzer1998–1998
Thomas M. Hoenig1998–2003
Timothy F. Geithner2003–2003
William J. Mcdonough1998–2003
William Poole1998–2003

Staff · 33

Barry R. Snyder1998–2003
Clyde H. Farnsworth, Jr.1998–1998
Colleen K. Strand1998–1999
David J. Stockton2000–2003
Dolores S. Smith1998–2003
Gordon R. G. Werkema2001–2003
H. Fay Peters2003–2003
Helen E. Holcomb1998–2003
J. Virgil Mattingly, Jr.1998–2003
James M. Lyon2000–2003
Jamie B. Stewart, Jr.1999–2003
Jennifer J. Johnson1998–2003
John F. Moore1998–2003
Karen H. Johnson1998–2003
Louise L. Roseman1999–2003
Marianne M. Emerson2002–2003
Michael J. Prell1998–1999
Patrick K. Barron1998–2003
Paul M. Connolly1998–2003
Richard C. Stevens1999–2001
Richard K. Rasdall, Jr.1998–2003
Richard Spillenkothen1998–2003
Robert Christy Moore2003–2003
Robert E. Frazier1998–2000
S. David Frost1998–1998
Stephen J. Clark1999–2000
Stephen R. Malphrus1998–2003
Vincent R. Reinhart2001–2003
W. Legrande Rives1998–2003
Walter A. Varvel1998–2003
William C. Conrad1998–2000
William H. Stone, Jr.1998–2003
William R. Jones2001–2002

Reserve Bank directors · 212

Alan R. Tubbs1999–2003
Albert B. Murry1998–1998
Albert J. Simone2000–2002
Ann M. Fudge1998–2002
Arnold C. Schultz1998–1998
Arthur C. Martinez1998–2001
Barbara L. Wilson2001–2003
Barry J. Fitzpatrick2003–2003
Bert Greenwalt1999–2003
Bick Weissenrieder2003–2003
Blenda J. Wilson2002–2003
Bradly W. Small2001–2003
Bruce A. Schriefer1998–2003
Bruce Parker1998–2000
Candace Hunter Wiest2003–2003
Charisse R. Lillie1998–2002
Charles A. Heimbold, Jr.1999–2000
Charles E. Bunch2003–2003
Charles V. Wait2003–2003
Charles W. Mueller1999–2003
Charles W. Nichols1998–1999
Cheryl L. Krueger-Horn1998–2003
Claudine B. Malone1998–1999
Colleen D. Hernandez1998–1999
Connie E. Evans2000–2003
Craig A. Ruppert1998–2001
Cynthia A. Parker1998–1998
D. Greg Heineman2001–2003
D. Paul Jones, Jr.1998–2000
Dale J. Emmel1998–1998
Dan Duane Angel1998–1999
Dan L. Dillingham2003–2003
Dan M. Fisher2001–2003
David A. Daberko1998–1998
David A. Koch1998–1999
David B. Lee1998–1999
David H. Hoag1998–2002
David K.Y. Tang2003–2003
David L. Nichols1998–2002
David M. Ratcliffe2002–2003
David R. Jones1998–1998
David S. Barnard2002–2003
David S. Dahlmann1998–2000
David S. Outhouse2001–2003
Dennis E. Barrett1998–2002
Dennis W. Johnson1998–1998
Donald J. Schneider1998–1998
Doris M. Damm2001–2003
Douglas M. Lester1998–1998
Dudley K. Montgomery1998–2001
E. Lynn Caswell1998–2002
Eddie Canterbury2002–2003
Edward Dugger, III1998–2000
Edwin N. Clift1998–2000
Egbert L. J. Perry2002–2003
Eugene R. McGrath1998–2000
Frank A. Potenziani1998–2001
Frank Kaminski, Jr.2000–2001
Frank L. Sims2003–2003
Frank Moore2002–2003
Fred L. Green, III2000–2002
G. Kenneth Perine1998–1999
G. Watts Humphrey, Jr.1998–1999
Garry L. Maddox2003–2003
Gary G. Michael1998–2000
Gayle Maltby Earls1998–1999
Gayle P.W. Jackson2000–2003
George A. Didden, III1998–1998
George M. Scalise2000–2003
George W. Hamlin, IV1998–2002
Gerald M. Levin2001–2002
Glenn A. Schaeffer1998–2003
Hans Helmerich1998–2003
Harry Elwell, III1998–2000
Henry Bartell Zachry, Jr.1999–2002
Howard E. Cosgrove1998–2001
Howard L. McMillan, Jr.1998–1999
I.N. Rendall Harper, Jr.1998–1998
Irwin Zazulia1999–2002
J. Richard Jones1998–1999
J. Stephen Barger2003–2003
J. Walter McDowell1998–1999
Jack B. Evans1998–2003
Jack McNally2001–2003
James A. Martin1998–1999
James E. Haden1998–2003
James F. Beall2002–2003
James H. Keyes1999–2003
James J. Howard1998–2001
James M. Culberson, Jr.1999–2001
Jay F. Hoeschler1999–2003
Jay T. Harris2003–2003
Jeffrey L. Gerhart1999–2003
Jeremiah J. Sheehan1998–2002
Jerry I. Speyer2001–2003
Jill M. Considine2002–2003
Jo Marie Dancik1998–2001
Joan Carter1998–2000
Joe Edens2002–2003
John C. Whitehead1998–1999
John Dane III2000–2003
John Edward Sexton2003–2003
John F. McDonnell1998–1998
John F. Wieland1998–2002
John R. Cochran1999–2001
John V. Rindlaub1998–2000
Joseph E. Gliessner, Jr.1998–2002
Juanita P. Baranco1998–2001
Judy Ley Allen1999–2003
Julie Spicer England1998–2003
Kathryn A. Ogren1998–2000
Kay Clevidence2002–2003
Kenneth R. Shoemaker2003–2003
Kenneth T. Murphy2000–2002
Kirk A. McLaughlin1998–2000
Krestine M. Corbin1998–2000
Lawrence K. Fish2002–2003
Lester H. McKeever, Jr.1998–2000
Lewis F. Mallory, Jr.2002–2003
Linda Hall Whitman2000–2003
Loretta E. Lynch2003–2003
Lunsford W. Bridges2000–2003
Lynn M. Hoghaug1998–1999
Malcolm Gillis2000–2003
Maria Camila Leiva1998–2001
Marshall N. Carter1998–1998
Marta Tienda2003–2003
Matthew T. Doyle2001–2003
Michael A. Alexander1998–2000
Migdalia Rivera1998–1999
Miles D. White2002–2003
Nelson C. Rising1998–2002
Orit Gadiesh2000–2003
P. Coleman Townsend, Jr.2002–2003
Patricia M. Patterson2000–2003
Paul M. Ferguson2000–2000
Paula Lovell1998–2003
Paula Marshall-Chapman2000–2002
Peter G. Peterson1998–2003
Phillip R. Cox2000–2003
Randy Peterson2003–2003
Ray L. Hunt1998–2003
Rhonda Holman2000–2003
Richard C. Hartnack2001–2003
Richard C. White2001–2003
Richard E. Bell1998–1998
Richard G. Hickson2000–2003
Richard H. Bard2002–2003
Richard L. Carrion1999–1999
Richard W. Decker, Jr.2002–2003
Richard W. Evans, Jr.2003–2003
Rick L. Smalley2003–2003
Rob L. Wheeler1998–2002
Robert A. Funk2003–2003
Robert C. McNair1998–1998
Robert D. Burris1998–2000
Robert Dickson2003–2003
Robert E. Chappell2000–2003
Robert G. Wilmers1998–1998
Robert J. Darnall1998–2003
Robert J. Vanderslice2001–2003
Robert K. Kraft2003–2003
Robert L. Johnson1998–2003
Robert L. Strickland1998–1998
Robert R. Glauber1998–2001
Robert R. Yohanan1998–2003
Robert S. Attiyeh1998–2002
Robert W. Mahoney2000–2003
Robert Y. Farrington1998–1999
Roger N. Berglund2000–2002
Roger R. Hemminghaus1998–2000
Ronald J. Naples2001–2003
Ronald N. Zwieg1998–2003
Ronay Menschel1998–2003
Rufus A. Fulton, Jr.1999–2001
Samuel O. Thier2002–2003
Sanford J. Weill2001–2003
Sheila D. Harris1999–2003
Sherwin Greenblatt2001–2003
Stanley T. Skinner1998–1998
Stephen L. Brown1998–1998
Stephen P. Wilson2001–2003
Susan S. Elliot1998–2000
Suzanne E. Boas1998–2003
T. Joseph Semrod2000–2001
Tanny B. Crane2003–2003
Terrence Murray1999–2001
Terrence P. Dunn1998–2002
Theresa M. Stone2003–2003
Thomas H. Jacobsen1999–2001
Thomas J. Mackell, Jr.2003–2003
Tiney M. McComb1998–2002
V. Larkin Martin2003–2003
Veo Peoples, Jr.1998–1999
Verne G. Istock1998–2000
W. Henry Harmon2000–2003
W. James Farrell2001–2003
W.D. Glover1998–1999
Walter E. Daller, Jr.2002–2003
Walter L. Metcalfe, Jr.2001–2003
Walter V. Shipley, II1998–2000
Warren K.K. Luke1998–2001
Waymon L. Hickman1998–2001
Wayne R. Embry1999–2003
Wesley S. Williams, Jr.1998–2003
Willard William LaJoie1999–2001
William A. Osborn2001–2003
William C. Brainard1998–2001
William G. Smith, Jr.2001–2003
William L. McQuillan1998–1998
William Osgood Taylor1998–2002
William W. Duncan, Jr.2001–2003