Edward S. Knotek II

In their time

Meetings by Chair

Bernanke2Yellen2Powell21Warsh2

Policy rate

0–0.25% → 3.75–4%

+375 bp · Jun 2011 – Sep 2026

Rate moves

4 hikes · 4 cuts

19 holds at their meetings

Dissents witnessed

14

at 10 of 27 meetings

Unanimous

63%

17 of 27 meetings

Recessions

1

2020

US presidents

3

Obama · Trump · Biden

In the room

• Vice President, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City2 meetingsJun 21–22, 2011 – Nov 1–2, 2011
• Vice President, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland2 meetingsOct 27–28, 2015 – Mar 15–16, 2016
• Senior Vice President, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland12 meetingsSep 25–26, 2018 – Sep 16–17, 2025
• Associate Economist10 meetingsJan 30–31, 2024 – Sep 15–16, 2026
• Associate Economists1 meetingDec 17–18, 2024